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 The most important piece of gear you need on your boat is a personal flotation device (PFD) for each person onboard. PFDs are required by law and should be in good condition, the appropriate size, and readily accessible.  They must also be worn at all times by persons less than a certain age - check your state laws for more information on requirements. 

 Fire extinguishers are also required by law on all boats. The number and size of extinguishers you need depend on the length of your boat and the type of engine it has. Be sure to keep your fire extinguishers in a visible and easily accessible location.  

Sound-producing devices are also required by law and can be used to signal other boats or to alert rescuers in case of an emergency. Whistles and air horns are commonly used on boats. 

 A first aid kit should be on board every boat in case of an emergency. It should contain bandages, antiseptics, pain relievers, and other basic medical supplies. 

 Visual Distress Signals (VDS) are used to signal for help in case of an emergency. Depending on the size of your boat, you may need flares, smoke signals, or an electronic signal device. Make sure you know how to use them and keep them in a dry and accessible location.  

An anchor and rode are essential for boaters who plan to anchor in a specific location. Make sure you have the appropriate size anchor and rode for your boat's size and weight, and that the rope length is appropriate for the depth of lake you plan to use your boat on.